I am the identical person who served in the said companies under the name of Lewis Smith. One frequently occurring name is Rolle. The following documents are excerpts from government records in which Dick Barnett and Mollie (Smith) Russell explain when and why they changed their names. Gerald, however, is a Germanic name meaning ruler) 2. In fact, the previous enslaver widow sold most of the slaves. Wood were recorded as slave. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Finding Aids for the National Archives at Atlanta, National Archives Catalog (National Archives Identifier 2767350). Manifests - Alphabetical by Slave Names | National Archives They are part of Records of the U.S. Customs Service . Questions about slave naming intersect with some of the major debates in slavery studies (especially regarding Creolization and the formation of Atlantic Creoles) and can illuminate issues about the ethnicity of African slaves, the personhood and agency of those enslaved, the nature of kinship structures among the enslaved, and the survival of African cultural practices in the diaspora. By examining periods of violence during the Reconstruction era, students learn about the potential backlash to political and social change. If a surname was needed, the slave owners family name might be used. It was after emancipation on that I went back to work for Col. Morrow and where I got the name Lottie, as already explained. Slavery's reach is still with us, and part of the gift of doing African-American genealogy, "The past is not dead. 20 August 2022, 1-3:30 pm [PAST EVENT], Eastern Standard Time: Join me for a two-hour lecture and workshop on Using Deed Records. Im jealous;) The common names there (Marie, Louise, etc) would test anyones genealogical skills, so I take my hat off to you. . Accueil > > Avr > 18 > Uncategorized > common last names for slaves in the 1800s. While Smith remains the most common U.S. surname, for the first time, two Hispanic namesGarcia and Rodriguezmade the top 10. I have done quite a bit of genealogy for my own family, and it was difficult enough, but what you are doing, is incredible work. This page is currently showing names ranked from 1 to 1000. I am researching the surname Culbert worldwide, and the data can be found at: culbert.one-name.net There are a growing number of African Americans with this surname, which I believe originates in Scotland. 19. Enslaved people remained legally nameless from the time of their capture until their purchase by American enslavers. A favorite of British novelists including Evelyn Waugh and P. G. Wodehouse, Ambrose has an air of blooming well-being and upper-class erudition. Louis (M) (English origin) means "famous warrior". I was only three years old when she died. My maternal grandmother was an Auber. Whereas names withAfrican, classical, or other unique origins were popular during enslavement, --- often continuingfrom one generation to the next and creating a distinctive nomenclature unlike that of southern whites -- free black peopleoften used more traditionally Anglicized versions of their first names. Hi Rodney, Anthropologist Meyer Fortes's observation that the naming practices of any society "epitomize personal experiences, historical happenings, attitudes to life, and cultural ideas and values" holds particularly true for African American enslaved people. A brief history of black names, from Perlie to Latasha - The Conversation Q. Index by slave owner's name | Surname unknown or illegible. This is such a well-written and informative post one that I know will open many eyes to the complexity of slave surnames, as well as many other aspects of the lives of the enslaved. -George Burns, "Where does the family start? They were all sold to different owners: Connell, Rose, Johnson, and Hughes respectively. The first published African-American poet & author Phillis Wheatley was born in West Africa. Derived from the word anull that is the Catalan language dominantly used in southern France, Anouilh means 'slow worm'. My hat goes off to you and your passionate efforts. Love you, The association with the infamous Nero, the fiddling Roman emperor, would be unavoidable. Thanks for all you to do keeps us all so enlightened! This old French surname has Germanic origin, and means 'noble'. For personal use and not for further distribution. Our headquarters are located at: 89 South Street, Suite 401, Boston, MA 02111. Each is present in your body. One name you find frequently used was Freeman or Freedmen to declare their new freedom. The poster on each page *provides the link to the handout* for that lecture, so be sure to copy it. Robyn. Pinckney, Randolph, and Rutledgeappear only incidentally among any list of modern Black peoples names. In 1836, William Turbeville died leaving an estate with several slaves who were brothers: Turner, Nelson, Simon, Jordan, and Jacob. Its knowledge that I think most Americans (not even just white Americans) dont have and it is endlessly fascinating and sobering both at the same time. . Louisiana, U.S., Slave Manumission Records, 1719-1820. Political Participation in the Nineteenth Century Atlantic Portugal and Brazile in the Age of Revolutions, Poverty in the Early Modern English Atlantic, Reconstruction, Democracy, and United States Imperialism, Settlement and Region in British America, 1607-1763, Slavery in British and American Literature, Slavery in Dutch America and the West Indies, Slavery in North America, The Growth and Decline of. Besides the Morrows, whom else did you live with in Louisville? This happened mostly on large plantations where several individuals had the same first names and a surname was used to distinguish them from one another. 400 Catchy Slave Names That You Will Like - Worth Start 5. Peneus saved Daphne from Apollos romantic obsessions by transforming her into a laurel tree. There are certainly methods you can used to try to verify some of the storyyou can look for Carrington and Williams slaveholders in the area in which your ancestor lived in the 1870 census. Introduction. My surname of SAM originated from Sem or Sam FUSELIER, a free man of color who freed my ancestor,Jean-Louis, out of slavery in 1811. "The past is not dead. Another common way of distinguishing people would be 'son of', for example Johnson (son of John), Richardson, Wilson, Harrison etc. Bernacki: Teatr; Mamontowicz-ojek: Szkoa Tyzenhauza s. 53, 54, 70, 86-89, 92; Wierzbicka: Sze studiw; Muzyka 1969 nr 2 (J. Prosnak). Another myth is once African Americans were sold they never saw their families again. Or, the Slaves were given numbers or classical Greek names. One given name the childs family selected and kept secret and one the child was known by given by the slave owner. Thanks for this very thoughtful article. Nat Turner's Rebellion One of the most famous slave revolts in American history came in 1831 when Nat Turner led a bloody uprising in Southampton County, Virginia. Email:genealogy@slcl.org The new surnames, usually not taken from a former slave owner, included: Williams, Jones, Johnson, Smith, Jackson, Thomas, Brown, Walker, Davis, Green, Robinson, Scott, Harris, Turner, and Anderson. Phone: 314-994-3300, Hours & Locations Comments/Suggestions314-994-3300, Copyright 2023. Besides the Morrows, whom else did you live with in Louisville? Spanish areas had male Slave names as Francisco, Pedro, and Antonio; and for females: Maria, Isabella, and Juana. Maria Aparecida Schumaher, Erico teixeira Vital Brazil. Each is present in your body. Dear Robyn, Numerous historical sources confirm that enslaved people had surnames that they used among themselves and in many cases were known by their slaveholder. Thank you so much for your kind words. . I am searching for information about a woman named Eliza Ellis, from Versailles KY or that area. Cheryll Cody, "'There Was No Absalom on the Ball Plantation': Slave-Naming Practices in the South Carolina Low Country, 1720-1865," American Historical Review 92 (June 1987). 2. Kindest regards, Florence, Fiorella, Fleur, and Flower are translations, but we like Flora best of all. All of them are alive in this moment. Ninety percent of them were African-American, a far higher black percentage than for any other common name. Brief, but stimulating and thoughtful for students coming new to the subject. Wide-ranging survey of naming practices in the (mainly Anglophone) Atlantic world both during and after slavery. There are also a few problems with the original dataset in name transcription such that a small number of first names were transposed with last names. And again, as a white Southerner whose ancesters were NOT slaveowners, your blog is helping me to understand the real and horrible legacy of the peculiar institution. Dorothy, Doris or Dora: Meaning 'gift of God', this Victorian girl's name was popular in the 19th century. . Q. Finding State Laws About Slaves and Free Blacks, More Suggestions for White Slaveholder Descendants, http://justthinking130.blogspot.com/2009/09/calvin-r-yarborough-where-it-all-began.html, http://justthinking130.blogspot.com/2013/11/many-rivers-to-cross-my-priscilla.html, https://www.historicpathways.com/articles.html, http://whitneyplantation.com/the-louisiana-slave-database.html. I have been a researcher, writer, and lecturer for over twenty-five years. slave rebellions, in the history of the Americas, periodic acts of violent resistance by Black slaves during nearly three centuries of chattel slavery. Slaves were generally listed with just one name and thus with little to none of the genealogical information recorded for free whites. Hi Jann, Thus, the patronymic surname can be effectively regarded as "keeper of the peace." This phenomenon is not unheard of with African American surnames. 26 September 2021 [PAST EVENT]: Acclaimed genealogist Melvin Collier and I will be presenting an all-new 2-hour lecture titled More Than Just Names: Incorporating Social and Community History Into Your Research from 1:00-3:30 EST (please note it is Eastern Standard Time). Others were more promiscuous. But the meanings of names certainly evolved over time, and some have argued that the principles according to which an individual name was given (e.g., after a relative or ancestor) are at least as important as its apparent meaning and type. Other common surnames included Jones, Matthews, Sinclair, and Bennett, Price, and Gray.. My full name is Dick Lewis Barnett. On Anglican (Church of England) baptisms records the child legally and officially is documented with the surname of the mother if she and the father were not married. Here are an even dozen, pretty much forgotten slanglike words or sayings from the 19th century, rediscovered while delving in the archives and with added guidance from James Maitman's 1891 . Most Common English Surnames & Meanings - Forebears Tracing Your Roots: Were Slaves' Surnames Like Brands? . Many enslaved people were allowed to keep their original African names or names assigned them elsewhere (as reflected by the frequency of Spanish and Portuguese names among the first generation of enslaved people in the Carolinas.) If we consider the diverse circumstances that the tragedy of slavery created, we can understand the reasons why. Thank you for posing your question. I communicate with them on Facebook. Slavery. Hello A. 12 Lost American Slangisms From The 1800s : NPR History Dept. : NPR I am awar eof the different naming traditions practiced in that area and I thank you for sharing them here for my readers. I am a farmer. common last names in the 1800s - stmatthewsbc.org Ref. Many took the surname of famous or celebrated people; such as 'Lincoln', 'Grant', and 'Washington' was very popular. 1. . Feel free to contact me directly if you have more questions or need some assistance. . It comes from the same Greek root as 'ambrosia', the food of the gods, said to confer immortality. The brothers were sold when they were very young and remained with their last owners nearly thirty years. A. At your request I have finally made available for viewing past popular webinars! However the frequent rebellions by . He stated that he had always been known by his fathers surname Scott, even before he was freed. I liked the name better than Octavia, and so I took it with me to Danville, and was never called anything else there than that name. Edited by Gabriele vom Bruck and Barbara Bodenhorn, 178-199. In more than thirty years of researching my ancestors and hundreds of others enslaved on one of Americas largest plantations, slaves owned by mid-sized planters and small farmers, reviewing thousands of documents I have come across various situations that might give others clues on what to look for. The idea was for the children to enter the inhumane system of slavery protected by a sense of Selfhood and history. Some of the most common or popular last names in the 1800s included Robinson, Clark, and Smith. Have you visited the Whitney Plantation yet? Through a video-based activity, students examine Americas struggle for a stronger democracy during Reconstruction and today. If searching for a slave owner with the same surname of your ancestor fails, check marriage records for the slave owners. As enslavement continued through the 1800s, African American culture included naming practices that were national in scope by the time of emancipation, and intimately related to the slave trade. . I am an engineer by day, but my true passion lies in genealogy. The naming of slaves has not been treated in dedicated monographs, but it often figures in general accounts of plantation culture and the practices of enslavement. 1754 Excerpts from the Courant for June 22 to 29, 1754 at Jamaican Family Search Genealogy Research Library - contain the names of some "runaway slaves" or indentured servants, and information about them. Entre la construccin de la memoria y la ficcin histrica", "From Africa to India: Music of the Sidis and the Indian Ocean Diaspora (review)", "Mark and Phillis Executions, Burned at the Stake and Gibbeted in Puritan Massachusetts", "Letter from Paul Revere to Jeremy Belknap, circa 1798", "Re: Nancy Titsworth-1800-Livin - Genealogy.com", Association of Muslim Social Scientists & International Institute of Islamic Thought 2008, "Creolizing Natural Liberty: Transnational Obligation in the Thought of Ottobah Cugoano", "Madison and the White House, Through the Memoir of a Slave", "Black Slaves, Indian Masters: Slavery, Emancipation, and Citizenship in the Native American South, by Barbara Krauthamer (2013) Not Even Past", "Timeline of Missouri's African American History", "So Tom e Prncipe recorda o Rei Amador", "Black Christian Republicans: Delegates to the 1847 Liberian Constitutional Convention", "A Slave's Service in the Confederate Army", "Slavery and French Cuisine in Jefferson's Working White House", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_slaves&oldid=1140857860, This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 03:19. Testimony of Mollie Russell (widow of Phillip Fry), September 19, 1911: Q. Along with records from churches,manumission societies, enslavers, and estate settlements, these documents provide a vast pool of data from which to trace patterns and trends from the colonial period through emancipation. Use the form below to get in touch with me and I'll get back to you as soon as possible. Slaveholders and African Americans 1860-1870 - RootsWeb Names of prominent slaveholderse.g. is for you. Societies. Plus, Jonah comes with a ready-made nursery-decorating motif. Alfred Francis Russell (1817-1884), 10th President of Liberia. this page. The surname Williams occurs roughly 550 times per 100,000 people in the U.S. You can find explanations for each of the table columns below, or use the following links to view more last names for different ancestries. Last updated: November 1, 2003 "Dwelling No." Well, I got to thinking about all us slaves that was going to take the name Fitzpatrick. Five of the slaves were sold to the Washingtons and brought to Wessyngton. Just from the detail in your first comment, I knew there was a good chance you were already familiar with those authors. Q. Thank you as always, your posts are so helpful. Hi Jim, There are many factors to consider in determining what surnames African Americans used. In the 1930s, ex-slave Martin Jackson explained why he chose his last name after Emancipation: The master's name was usually adopted by a slave after he was set free. Label vector designed by Ibrandify - Freepik.com, https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.174.8?destination=/explore/collection/search%3Fedan_q%3Denslaved%26edan_fq%255B0%255D%3Dobject_type%253A%2522Photographs%2522. In his pension file, my great great grandmother his widow expressed that he chose his former enslaver surname because his father had been enslaved by them, too. -Unknown, "If you can't get rid of the skeleton in your closet, you might as well make it dance!" George Duncan Ludlow (1734-1808), colonial lawyer. Whatever you call it, whoever you are, you need one", "Friends are God's apologies for relations. Wheatley was traded into slavery at the age of 7 or 8 and imported to North America. I am not able to find any slaveholders in the Versailes area by the name of Ellis. When slave owners married, they often received slaves as wedding gifts and inheritances from their wifes family. Until recently, scholarly consensus was that early African American names did not differ significantly from those of white Americans. Famous name bearers: many King Louis of France, Sandra Bullock's son and actor Louis Partridge. I also have a Slavery and Freedom Collection available for $20. Slavery | Tennessee Encyclopedia Even worse, during this period, many African Americanssome using surnames for the very first timechanged their surnames once or even several times. This was done more because it was the logical thing to do and the easiest way to be identified than it was through affection for the master. Where did you get the maiden name of Smith from? These cookies do not store any personal information. How did you ever come by the name of "Mollie"? Slaves are identified by given name under their masters. The second hour is hands-on, and I want you to bring the deeds you've found along with your questions. -Kendall Hailey, "If you look deeply into the palm of your hand, you will see your parents and all the generations of your ancestors. I was called by that name all the time I was with the Morrows. My Vimeo ON Demand video page lists six videos you can choose from to watch for 3 months ($15 each): -Finding the Last Slaveowner: Guidance and Case Studies, -Cluster Research: Using Groups of People to Find Your People, -Using Deed Records to Uncover Your Family, -Putting it All Together: Making Sense of All the Research You've Done and, -More Than Just a Name: Incorporating Social and Community History Into Your Research. 7 Famous Slave Revolts - HISTORY The name.Auber.is also.in.Haiti and.is of.French orign. My mother's name was Octavia Smith and it was from her that I got it but where the name came from to her I never knew. The resources Im getting from my colleagues through Facing History have been just invaluable. My father would be 105 if he were alive. Beginning in the early nineteenth century, more biblical names were given to enslavedchildren, a reflection of the widespread attempts to Christianize enslaved communities. In instances where slaves were sold from their families and they did not retain their previous owners surnames, they named their children for parents, sisters and brothers to keep a connection with their families. This suggests most of those African-Americans probably did come about that name from prior slaveholders (since we know they likely werent from Scotland;):) I think you just have to include all the variations of Culbert to see how that could be the case. The name James has been a popular Victorian male names in the 1800s. Students examine the factors that led many northerners to turn against federal policies passed during the Reconstruction era that protected freedpeople. Brutus) and a private name (e.g. Currently, the most popular Black last name in America is Williams, with a total count of 774,920 people who have the surname. Youll often see the word degraded used in the academic references; these were all attempts at degradation. I have found only one very rare example of a slaveholders inventory, that lists the slaves along with their surnames. Q. Several names have been added under the letter representing the person's last name. Perhaps this caused some Slaves to ask: Am I my new name or am I still my old name? Edited by Gabriele vom Bruck and Barbara Bodenhorn, 178199. I focused on surnames but many of these books also discuss first names. Q. A small number of creoles in Louisiana also acquired surnames derived from ethnic identities in Senegal. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. European, Javanese and African and Indentured Servitude in First Contact and Early Colonization of Brazil, France and its Empire in the Indian Ocean, France and the British Isles from 1640 to 1789, George Montagu Dunk, Second Earl of Halifax, Green Atlantic: the Irish in the Atlantic World, Histories and Historiographies of the Atlantic World, Impact of the French Revolution on the Caribbean, The, Indentured Servitude in the Atlantic World, Indian, Internal Slave Migrations in the Americas, Interracial Marriage in the Atlantic World, Liverpool in The Atlantic World 1500-1833, Maritime Atlantic in the Age of Revolutions, The, Marriage and Family in the Atlantic World, Material Culture of Slavery in the British Atlantic, Money and Banking in the Atlantic Economy, Napolon Bonaparte and the Atlantic World, Nation and Empire in Northern Atlantic History, Native American Histories in North America, Native Americans and the American Revolution, People of African Descent in Early Modern Europe, Pets and Domesticated Animals in the Atlantic World. All of them are alive in this moment. Another slave named Bill who attended the sheep became Bill Shepherd. I am the identical person who was named called and known as Dick Lewis Smith before the Civil War and during the Civil War and until I returned home after my military service . Garcia is the Spanish variation of the word Gerald that means a pointed weapon, like a spear. Chapter 4 gives a brief and introductory outline of naming in the United States during slavery and its consequences in African American culture. Ho Joanne, Miracle, (Old English and Latin Origin) Derived from the first name Mauritius meaning "dark". Thanks LaBrenda! Wonderful to have first hand account that help shine light on the attitudes of our ancestors. 42. The names they gave their children provide a valuable, if limited, index of that process over time. Jamaican Surnames - Jamaican Family Search Leo (M) (Russian origin) means "lion". In the context of The Bahamas, the surname appears to originate with Denys Rolle, an American Loyalist who re-settled on Exuma, one of the so-called Out Islands of The Bahamas, sometime in the mid-1780s.

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