These acts included the reforms set out in the Beveridge plan, various other reforms and nationalisation. Firstly, the party enacted most of its initial 1945 manifesto pledges in establishing the NHS, founding the Welfare State, and building one million new homes. Why did Labour win the 1945 election and lose in the 1951 election? A defeated conservative MP at the time, Macmillan, claimed that . In the election, Labour suffered considerable losses, but was able to retain a slim majority. These party reforms and the reorganisation proved worthwhile, as can be seen in the 8% boost in votes. however we spent the time on social reform. They had beaten the Conservatives by a clear 8% however in 51 they only had a 0.8% lead on the votes, as to why they didn't win after getting more votes one has to examine the first past the post system. Homefront experiences had also caused a rise in support for Labour: evacuees educated many people to the realities of poverty in Britain's cities and the Blitz brought people together in communal bomb shelters and broke down social barriers. Voters associated labour with Austerity. In realising that the quality of life was far more important to the public than any other factor, the Conservatives promised to build 300,000 houses a year, although they did admit in their manifesto that not much could be done to lessen the strain of rationing in 1951. In contrast to the break-up of the MacDonald Labour government in 1931, there was no 'bankers' ramp' or dramatic and overwhelming financial crisis. Indeed, after signing the Munich Agreement, Chamberlain was heralded as a hero: 'saving' the country from another bloody war. Divisions over appeasement, foreign policy and rearmament deeply weakened Labour. Following Cripps resignation on grounds of ill health, Hugh Gaitskell took over as Chancellor during Attlees second government. His frugality extended to his welfare policies, which involved the further tightening of benefit payments. Looking at the Labour government in these four sections of reform, of crisis, of consolidation and of division helps us to see where the party lost its huge majority. Named Let Us Face the Future, it emphasised that Labour were the only party that could be trusted to deliver a strong Britain and Beveridge's plans. How valid is this view in relation to the 1951 general election? The 1951 election ended the post-war Labour governments, put Labour into opposition for 13 years and marked the start of a decade of bitter internecine warfare in the party. The need for a better post war Britain was felt amongst all classes and Labour's support of the Beveridge Report brought widespread support. why did labour lose the 1951 election. 'Iron Curtain' and the ","created_at":"2015-05-24T10:39:56Z","updated_at":"2016-02-19T08:09:05Z","sample":false,"description":"","alerts_enabled":true,"cached_tag_list":"britain, history, 1951, labour, defeat, alevel, attlee, churchill, election, victory","deleted_at":null,"hidden":false,"average_rating":null,"demote":false,"private":false,"copyable":true,"score":35,"artificial_base_score":0,"recalculate_score":false,"profane":false,"hide_summary":false,"tag_list":["britain","history","1951","labour","defeat","alevel","attlee","churchill","election","victory"],"admin_tag_list":[],"study_aid_type":"MindMap","show_path":"/mind_maps/2798048","folder_id":675903,"public_author":{"id":348222,"profile":{"name":"alinam","about":null,"avatar_service":"gravatar","locale":"en-GB","google_author_link":null,"user_type_id":141,"escaped_name":"alinam","full_name":"alinam","badge_classes":""}}},"width":300,"height":250,"rtype":"MindMap","rmode":"canonical","sizes":"[[[0, 0], [[300, 250]]]]","custom":[{"key":"env","value":"production"},{"key":"rtype","value":"MindMap"},{"key":"rmode","value":"canonical"},{"key":"sequence","value":1},{"key":"uauth","value":"f"},{"key":"uadmin","value":"f"},{"key":"ulang","value":"en_us"},{"key":"ucurrency","value":"usd"}]}, {"ad_unit_id":"App_Resource_Sidebar_Lower","resource":{"id":2798048,"author_id":348222,"title":"Why did Labour lose the 1951 election? Conservatives 1 to 10, Election of 1950 Secondly, the split right at the very top of the party meant that organisational preparations for upcoming elections were hampered, and the electoral machine was disarmed. Please read our, {"ad_unit_id":"App_Resource_Sidebar_Upper","resource":{"id":2798048,"author_id":348222,"title":"Why did Labour lose the 1951 election? That was three million less than the number of summonses, warrants and benefit deduction orders issued for poll tax non-payment. Activision's Spycraft: The Great Game is the product of a very specific era of computer gaming, when "multimedia" and "interactive movies" were among the buzzwords of the zeitgeist. This is especially so when one considers the crises they faced in that year, making the 1945 blue-skies, New Jerusalem thinking incredibly difficult to sustain. Americas way of and were in decline - government supporting Sarah from CollectifbdpHi there, would you like to get such a paper? The opposite happened in 1974 when the system meant the Conservatives lost out to Labour. Labour 295 (48.8%) Attlee's downfall: why did Labour lose the 1951 General Election? Their election campaign was heavily based off the idea that, if voted into power, there would be a period of consolidation after the previous years of innovation. The Conservatives reluctance to accept this report was hugely beneficial to Labour who capitalised on the huge of public support behind it. America sought the support of her allies in fighting the North Korean communists, and Britain committed troops to assist her. Although it was hoped that Daltons resignation might offset some of the decline in public confidence in Labours economic policy, the government were never again endorsed by mass popularity as in the previous two years. Cole suggested that its success was the inevitable consequence of the emergence of class politics. Liberals 6, Note how Labour actually achieved a Labour Fundamentalists including Bevan wanted further reforms, specifically more nationalisation meanwhile Morrison called for party unity. Resource summary. Cost of Living KOREAN WAR Austerity LINK TO COMPULSORY MILITARY SERVICE - cost of heating, clothing, education and food (and other necessities) was increasing; dissatisfaction amongst the people - defense spending increased whilst public spending decreased; led to NHS prescription charges 3.7 billion loans US & Labour was re-elected in 1950 but lost 80 seats in the process. Maybe not the most important factor, but definitely worth noting, is the fact that the UK employs a first-past-the-post electoral system. Paul Addison argues that. Britain's involvement in the Korean War had not been a popular decision. Churchill however made a gross error in saying that Labour would need a Gestapo like organisation to enforce socialism upon Britain. drugs. in the hope of taking advantage of Churchill's huge popularity. Beveridge aimed to create a minimum standard of living and full employment and believed the five evils blocking these aims and reconstruction were: Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness. Attlee's reputation rose during the 1945 electoral campaign. Although it did help to achieve this end, Churchills party was able to lament publicly the humiliation the government had brought upon the British currency, and at the same time place blame on the government for the continuing food scarcities and long queues. Labour's achievements, or rather what they did not achieve, can be linked as to why they lost: they had arguably successfully set up a welfare state but had also induced an economic crisis. In 1945 Labour had won 11.99m (47.8%) of the vote, and went on to attain 13.95m (48.8%) of the vote in 51. This is considered an important factor in Labour's victory by many historians Support for Labour in 1945 represented above all a reaction against pre-war Conservatism argues Adelman. that there was a missed opportuinty for why did Labour lose the 1951 election? In 1945 Labour had won 11.99m (47.8%) of the vote, and went on to attain 13.95m (48.8%) of the vote in 51. This aim was ill-fated and in the eyes of many economists , obviously exceeded the country's economic capacity, . The campaign is all too often seen as the most important factor in Labour's landslide victory in 1945, however it is of less importance than the war or their policies, for example. WW2 obviously played a large role in the results of both the 1945 and 1951 elections, in 1945 its effects were clear on the homefront as it had acted as a catalyst to socialist ideas and in 1951 it was the economic turmoil that the war had triggered which led to many people to vote for the reliable conservatives. On a high turnout Labour's tally of votes had actually increased in absolute terms (to 13.9 million, compared to 13.2 million in the 1950 cent) than the Conservatives, though the Conservatives came out ahead in seats, 1950 United Kingdom general election - Wikipedia Whilst in 1951 the Labour government was punished for its unrealistic promises made in 1945. Britains economic resources were being drained from all directions; Foreign Policy, Nationalisation, Welfare and Austerity. However, the electorate did not empathise with this view, many now believing that the Conservatives were a more trustworthy option. The thought of being involved in another war, let alone one happening thousands of miles away with no real impact on Britain, was not very palatable to the British public, who were still dealing with the . After gaining such a large majority in 1945, most Labour politicians felt relatively assured that they had at least 10 years in office secured. In the summer of 1950, the Korean War broke out. how the radical Labour Labour's manifesto was based around the Beveridge report and the Nationalisation of industries, ideas that had been tested during the war and were found to work. Gaitskell had imposed upon the health service prescription charges for glasses and false teeth, which to Bevan and other NHS idealists represented the betrayal of NHS founding principals. While Labour managed to retain much working class support largely because of the role class identification was playing in determining partisan support at this time the middle class had quickly become disaffected. Before the war, Labour were all too often seen as inexperienced and even unpatriotic due to their left wing ideologies. This people's war was very beneficial to Labour in warming people to socialist ideologies, and their belief on the war being, not just a fight against the fascist Germany, but a struggle for a prosperous post-war Britain. However by 1945 Labour was a strong, organised and well respected party, whilst the Conservatives were weakened by the war and internal splits. Why then, did Labour go on to lose so many seats in 1950 before losing the General Election in 1951? 1 He belonged to the first intake of students at the Ecole polytechnique in 1794 and went on to become an iron engineer. Once more, it was the objection of the middle class voters to austere conditions which brought about the Parliamentary swing. Why did Labour lose the 1951 General Election 1. The Attlee governments of 1945 to 1951 can be divided into four key sections. Following the 1966 General Election, the Labour Party's Home Policy Committee observed that the party had, "for the first time, obtained a majority of the female vote" and remarked, "it would be very satisfactory if we could retain it." 1950 Surplus 297 million fell to Learn more. Yet, despite this they won 26 more seats than Labour, this seems somewhat disproportionate and illogical and can once again be traced back to the first-past-the-post system. Conservative (48.0%) Why did Harold Wilson win the 1964 Election. The poor timing of the 1951 election can also be claimed to have weakened Labour's position. Hi there, would you like to get such a paper? Why Did Labour Lose Power in 1951 | PDF | Labour Party (Uk) | National Health Service Why did Labour lose power in 1951 - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Evidently, the Conservatives were punished in 1945, when they were lucky to not have been in 1935 and, arguably, if elections had taken place in 1940, Labour may have won. There was nothing like the self-destructive trade union protests and strikes of the 1979 'Winter of . In the years prior to 1959, many had expected Labour to win the next election. Winston Churchill Won World War II. So Why Did He Lose the 1945 After the shock of the 1945 election, Labour appointed Lord Woolton as their party chairman: he was central to the revitalisation of the Conservatives and reorganised the conservative party effectively. The financial strain of rearming subsequently led Gaitskell, who at this point was Chancellor of the Exchequer, threatening the idea of introducing prescription charges to the NHS (although it was not implemented until the Conservtives gained power in 1951 ). These problems, however, would have been inherent to any government of Britain at the time, but the fact was, Labour were held accountable. In the summer of 1950, the Korean War broke out. rather than 0% reduces to just 7 failing industries. Named Let Us Face the Future, it emphasised that Labour were the only party that could be trusted to deliver a strong Britain and Beveridge's plans. To gain an understanding of the election one must study the context surrounding the election. Reply 1 7 years ago A TSR George OP History-UK-BK1-Labour-1951 election | Mind Map Indeed, Robert Pearce claims it seems very unlikely indeed that the campaign was crucial, Paul Addison, however, argues that the campaign was important because . The 1942 Beveridge Report was the most important report that contributed to Labour's success in 1945. The Conservatives voted against the creation of a centralised health service in 1946, preferring rather the idea of state provision of healthcare administered at local level. Pearce's reinterpretation argument makes the most sense because policies like appeasement were relatively popular at the time. The electorate clearly did not see it this way though, believing that the Labour party had lied to them, this feeling of betrayal saw many voters return to the reliable Conservatives in the 1951 election. Labour's popularity was also dented by their foreign policy, in granting sovereignty to some of Britain's most successful colonies Labour were seen as dissembling an empire that had taken hundreds of years to attain. As Labour struggled to legislate effectively, and following another badly-handled balance of payments crisis in the summer of 1951, Attlee dissolved Parliament in September and Labour subsequently lost albeit narrowly the October election. 419 million in 1951, Increase in defence expenditure by 4.7 billion, Issues rose in fundamentals he based his politics. was really in their early He lost again, but was given one more opportunity in 1951 . Why did Labour lose the 1951 General Election? The need for a better post war Britain was felt amongst all classes and Labour's support of the Beveridge Report brought widespread support. This committed the UK government to keeping the value of sterling at a stable rate against the US dollar, and this meant that the governments hands were tied as they sought to address Britains balance of payments deficit by means of international trade. why did labour lose the 1951 election. They had beaten the Conservatives by a clear 8% however in 51 they only had a 0.8% lead on the votes, as to why they didn't win after getting more votes one has to examine the first past the post system. The economy's recovery was further hindered by the short-sighted need to remain a world power. Paul Addison argues that 1940 was the year when the foundations of political power shifted decisively leftwards for a decade By the autumn of 1942 a major upheaval in public opinion had taken place. People had lost trust in the conservatives and blamed them for Britains military short-comings, and this was important for Labours rise in support. Once more, it was the objection of the middle class voters to austere conditions which brought about the Parliamentary swing. Explain Why Labour Lose In 1951 - 1675 Words | 123 Help Me Why did Labour lose the 1951 election? This is especially so when one considers the crises they faced in that year, making the 1945 blue-skies, New Jerusalem thinking incredibly difficult to sustain. Labour had problems with trade unions- more strikes in the country. Britains economic resources were being drained from all directions; Foreign Policy, Nationalisation, Welfare and Austerity. Chicago's bitter election is now a nasty runoff The 1964 election was not a landslide victory like that of 1945. A TSR George 17 I got all the reasons.but looking at the figures conservative had 13.7mil votes and labour got 13.9mil. The 1950 and 1951 General Elections in Britain | History Today How Winston Churchill Lost the 1945 British General Election Why did Labour lose the 1970 general election? by Lucy Nielsen - Prezi between people of different Labour argued that they had earned their independence by fighting in WW2, and that it was not economically viable to sustain them. This split caused to distinct groups to form within Labour; th. Why did Labour win the 1945 election and lose in the 1951 election? Britain to become a world exporting power, 25 October 1951 The ageing Conservative leader Winston Churchill won the 1951 election with a comfortable majority. BBC - History - World Wars: Why Churchill Lost in 1945 social reform and nationalisation. Furthermore, an apparently humiliating trade policy including subservience to US demands was particularly discrediting in the eyes of post-colonialists who identified this as betrayal rather than pragmatism. The Conservatives voted against the creation of a centralised health service in 1946, preferring rather the idea of state provision of healthcare administered at local level. Labours changes, The Spectator wrote: The conservatives of 1983: the biggest myth in Labour Party history | Red Pepper nationalisation of a 'ragbag In 1951, Labour was pilling on votes in seats they had already won, while the Conservatives won narrow victories. Best Answer Copy Labour lost to various reasons, the main ones being: The Winter of Discontent, the miscalculations that James Callaghan made and the appeal of Thatcher to voters. Firstly, the party enacted most of its initial 1945 manifesto pledges in establishing the NHS, founding the Welfare State, and building one million new homes. Baroness Boothroyd was born on October 8 1929 in Dewsbury, West Yorkshire. In 1951 labour actually polled more votes than the conservatives and in 1945 Labour only polled 8% more than the Conservatives yet gained a landslide of seats. my could least handle it, and Labour was blamed by a weary public in 1951. The changes appear to have been hugely beneficial to the majority of the population. Conservatives 290, 1950-51 Labour were in office This caused widespread discontent as even during the war, bread had not been rationed. In fact, Dennis Shanahan wrote in The Australian: Morrison didn't just beat Labor in this election.

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